Utility Software
It is a software designed to simplify the functioning of the computer, keep it away from impurities and various security functions of the system. It can be used in many app software, Utility software increases the efficiency of the computer.
Some examples of Utility software are:
1. Disk formatting - It makes the new memory disk suitable for the operating system before using it. It examines all sectors of storage device, identifies bad sectors and prepares Address table of disks. Formatting disks can be divided into two or more parts called Disk Partition. Data already on the disk is not deleted during Formatting.
2. Disk Cleanup - It increases the capacity of memory disk by removing its impurities and unnecessary programs and data.
3. Backup Program - There is a risk of data being destroyed when the memory disk on the computer is damaged. To avoid this, data is also stored on a memory disk other than the computer. This is called Backup Utility Program.
4. Antivirus Utility - A small program or instruction associated with the main program that causes some malfunction in the computer system when run is called virus. The software designed to neutralize this virus is called Antivirus Utility Program.
5. Disk Fragmentation - When a file is stored on a disk, the computer stores it in the first place it receives. Thus, repeated use divides the disc into different pieces and slows down the reading speed. To fix this, disk fragmentation program is run that rearranges all files. This speeds up the disk. It improves memory management by arranging the various stored files in the middle of the space.
6. File Manager - Collection of information and data stored in one place is called file in computer system. Any information in computer memory can be stored in the file itself. One or more files can be stored in a blister in one place. Software created to manage files and folders is called File Manager.
7. Data compression utility - This utility program is used to shorten the file size. So that he can take less space in memory and transfer it to the network in a short time. Decompression software is used to reopen the Compressed files.
some other software types -
1. Software Package - A group of software suo-mailed for a particular purpose that is made available to the consumer for simultaneous use is called a software package. We cannot use any software of the software package alone.
2. Retail Software - Software which is available for sale in the market and can be used at reasonable prices is called Retail software. Retail software are accompanied by guidelines for user manual and use. It is also known as Over the counter software.
Ex- MS Windows, MS Office, Tally
3. OEM Software (Original Equipment Manufacturer) - Software provided by the hardware company as a package with hardware equipment is called OEM Software. This software may have already been stored in the computer.
4. Public domain software - Software that is available for free for use. Public domain software is called. They are also known as shareware or freeware. They can be obtained free of cost from the Internet. No person or institution has the right to Public domain software. The user can also change its source code and its use.
5. Shareware - A software program that can be used for a certain period of time without paying any charges, Shareware is also available free of cost on the Internet. But after the expiry of the trial period, the prescribed fee has to be paid for continuing its use.
6. Freeware - Software which can be used for personal use without paying any fee is called freeware. Freeware is also available free of cost on the Internet. But freeware entire right to software remains with the manufacturer. The user does not have the right to change its source code nor can it be made available for sale.
7. Demo software - Software called demo software is made available for free use during promotion before a software manufacturing company releases the new software. The full version of that software can be obtained by paying the company the fixed price to continue using that software after a certain period of time.
8. Groupware- Yaq is a software developed keeping in view the convenience of persons with the same purpose. That is why it is also known as collaborative software or group support system.
Ex - Online chat, E-mail, Newsgroup, Voice mail, Video Conferencing.
9. Firmware - Firmware is a type of software used instead of hardware. It saves hardware and reduces its value. Firmware is stored in permanent electronic memory. ROM, PROM, EPROM software instructions inserted in memory are examples of firmware. If the work of kneading the hardware created to add instead of the separate hardware to the computer is repeatedly added, it is an example of firmware.
User interface
The system of establishing an interconnection between a computer and a user is called User Interface. Through this, the user gives necessary instructions to the computer and the computer displays the results by following those instructions.
A) Character user interface (CUI) - In this, the computer is instructed by typing a written command. Hence, the user needs to remember various commands. MS-DOS is an example of Character user interface.
B) Graphical User Interface (GUI) - In GUI, different commands are represented by the computer operating system through miniature images or symbol images called icon. The user execute the command by clicking the command displayed through icons, menus and windows on the computer screen by clicking the keyboard or mouse. This makes it easier to use GUI computers. Ex - Windows, Linux.
